Coelophysidae

Nopcsa, 1928 Type genus Coelophysis

Its genera lived 237.0–174.7 million years ago Late Triassic–Early Jurassic
Late Triassic and Early Jurassic stages

Coelophysidae is a family of early theropod dinosaurs within the superfamily Coelophysoidea, flourishing from the Late Triassic into the Early Jurassic. Its members were geographically widespread, with fossils recovered across North America, South America, Europe, Africa, and Asia, and the group includes such genera as Coelophysis, Procompsognathus, Camposaurus, Powellvenator, and Panguraptor. Coelophysids were slender, lightly built carnivores with narrow skulls and skeletons adapted for speed, making them fast and agile runners. As fairly basal theropods, they retained primitive characteristics such as hollow air sacs in the neck vertebrae and habitual bipedalism. Several members are known from sites preserving numerous individuals together, and some, notably Coelophysis, have been the subject of debated claims of cannibalism.

Diagnosis

  1. Long, low skull with a pronounced subnarial gap and a loosely attached premaxilla
  2. Numerous slender, recurved and finely serrated teeth
  3. Fused clavicles forming a furcula
  4. Elongate, gracile limb bones with a strongly cursorial hindlimb

Genera placed directly in Coelophysidae

  • Camposaurus Hunt et al., 1998 Carnian–Norian (237.0–205.7 Ma)United States
  • Coelophysis Cope, 1889 Norian–Rhaetian (227.3–201.4 Ma)United States
  • Lucianovenator Martínez & Apaldetti, 2017 Norian (227.3–205.7 Ma)Argentinaunder dispute
  • Megapnosaurus Ivie et al., 2001 Hettangian–Sinemurian (201.4–192.9 Ma)Zimbabwe
  • Procompsognathus Fraas, 1913 Norian (227.3–205.7 Ma)Germanyunder dispute
  • Segisaurus Camp, 1936 Pliensbachian–Toarcian (192.9–174.7 Ma)United States

References

  1. Nopcsa, B. F. (1928). The genera of reptiles. Palaeobiologica 1: 163-188.

    Named the subfamily Coelophysinae within Podokesauridae, from which the family name takes its authorship by coordination.

    nopcsa1928c
  2. Holtz, T. R. (1994). The phylogenetic position of the Tyrannosauridae: implications for theropod systematics. Journal of Paleontology 68: 1100-1117.

    Provided the phylogenetic definition of Coelophysidae used for the clade.

    holtz1994a